Endometriosis Awareness Month March 2026

What is Endometriosis?

Endometriosis is a long-term and often painful condition where tissue similar to the lining of the womb grows outside the womb, which can cause a range of symptoms and have a significant impact on daily life.

Types of Endometriosis:

There are four different types of endometriosis and it’s possible to have more than one type. The different types refer to the location, amount and depth of endometrial lesions.

• Peritoneal (superficial) endometriosis – This is the most common type and is usually found on the pelvic peritoneum, a thin layer of tissue that lines the pelvis and covers the pelvic organs.
• Ovarian endometriosis (endometrioma) – is when endometriosis cysts are found in the ovaries.
• Deep endometriosis – Deep endometriosis affects tissue deeper beneath the surface and may involve organs such as the bowel, bladder, or the area between the vagina and rectum. This type can be particularly painful and complex to manage.
• Extra-pelvic endometriosis – is when endometriosis is found outside of the pelvis, such as the thorax (chest) and caesarean scars.

Common symptoms include:

• Pelvic pain
• Heavy menstrual bleeding and painful periods
• Pain during or after intercourse
• Painful bowel movements
• Pain when urinating
• Difficulty getting pregnant – up to 70% of those with endometriosis will be able to get pregnant naturally
• Fatigue and digestive issues

Treatment options vary depending on the severity of the condition and symptoms and include:

Managing symptoms – Endometriosis can be managed with pain relief and hormonal treatments. Pain relief may include anti-inflammatory medicines, such as ibuprofen, or stronger medication if needed. Hormonal treatments, like the contraceptive pill, progesterone, a hormonal coil (IUD) or medicines that lower oestrogen, can help reduce pain and heavy bleeding.

Surgery – If other treatments do not help, surgery may be recommended. Surgery can remove areas of endometriosis and may help reduce pain.

Fertility treatment – Many people with endometriosis are still able to get pregnant naturally. If you are having difficulties, fertility treatment and support may be available.